Tammuz 17, 5771 * July 19, 2011
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T O D A Y I N J U D A I S M
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* Laws * Customs * Jewish History * Daily Quote * Daily Study *
Today is: Tuesday, Tammuz 17, 5771
Fast of Tammuz 17
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Today's Laws & Customs
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· Fast Day
Tammuz 17 is a fast day, devoted to mourning the breaching of Jerusalem's walls and the other tragic events that occurred on this day (see "Today in Jewish History [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=86950CF3E61C127D321A5ABCB471955B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]") and repenting and rectifying their causes. We refrain from all food and drink from "daybreak" (about an hour before sunrise, depending on location) until nightfall. Special prayers and Torah readings are added to the day's services.
Link: Halachic times [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=A7BDFB18DD0EDB3593E0031A338D80F9&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] for Tammuz 17
· "The Three Weeks" Begin
The 17th of Tammuz also marks the beginning of The Three Weeks period of mourning which culminates on the 9th of Av, commemorating the conquest of Jerusalem, the destruction of the Holy Temple and the dispersion of the Jewish people.
Weddings and other joyful events are not held during this period; like mourners, we do not cut our hair, and various pleasurable activities are limited or proscribed. (Consult the Code of Jewish Law (Shulchan Aruch) or a qualified rabbi regarding specific proscriptions).
The Lubavitcher Rebbe urged that the Three Weeks should be a time of increased giving of charity and Torah study (in keeping with the verse (Isaiah 1:27), "Zion shall be redeemed by law, and her returnees by charity"), particularly the study of those portions of Torah that deal with the laws and the deeper significance of the Holy Temple.
Links:
TheThreeWeeks.com [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=EC58FE06165ADC50C5F1EFD63A956DAA&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
Some Laws and Customs [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=B29E9BB94E2CA8F9D60233D3E8E764FB&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] of the Three Weeks
About Holy Temple [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=2962B12FDC5CFB78832C9866678B9BA1&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
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Today in Jewish History
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· Moses Breaks Tablets (1313 BCE)
The Talmud (Taanit 28b) lists five tragic events in Jewish history that occurred on Tammuz 17, on account of which a fast was instituted on this day (see Laws & Customs [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=4176A24009739D71B8C49D15C3DBF370&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]").
The first of these occurred in 1313 BCE, forty days after the Giving of the Torah [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=1B21A9E506CF71AD4AA97DD1745D449A&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] on Sivan 6. Upon descending Mount Sinai and witnessing Israel's worship of the Golden Calf (see "Today in Jewish History [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=B881195C103D4AE65CF03B10323FE022&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]" for yesterday, Tammuz 16), Moses smashed the Tablets inscribed with the Ten Commandments which he was carrying down from the mountain.
(for the other four tragedies of Tammuz 17, see below)
Links:
Broken & Whole [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=5F30692963EF2713E06A82BDFEEE616B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
The 120-Day Version of the Human Story [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=0B734FA674B07A0C407897E550059510&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
Moses Breaks the Tablets [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=01E8E549ED6D022EED9227685BB4E747&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
· Temple Service Disrupted (423 BCE)
The daily sacrificial offerings [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=C009DF9D52399A3A6C7FF06307890F8B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] (Korban Tamid) in the Holy Temple [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=2962B12FDC5CFB78832C9866678B9BA1&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] were discontinued, three weeks [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=DF27A8F3DCC6E6F3189080582EF0632B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] before the Babylonians' destruction [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=26E4D0F9BDCFA05E8D429B03B1A49130&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] of the First Temple in 423 BCE.
· Jerusalem Walls Breached (69 CE)
The other three national tragedies mourned on Tammuz 17 are connected with the Roman conquest of Jerusalem and their destruction of the Second Temple in the year 69 CE:
--The walls of the besieged city of Jerusalem were breached.
--The Roman general Apostomus burned the Torah and,
--placed an idol [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=B67670A0FFAFE81A65FCBF7EA21BEEDF&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] in the Holy Temple.
The fighting in Jerusalem continued for three weeks until the 9th of Av [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=C10CD064A00A0DC595001B3B2D94DC3C&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ], when the Holy Temple [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=2962B12FDC5CFB78832C9866678B9BA1&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] was set aflame.
Links:
The Destruction of the Holy Temple [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=26E4D0F9BDCFA05E8D429B03B1A49130&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
The Three Weeks [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=DF27A8F3DCC6E6F3189080582EF0632B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
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Daily Quote
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And Haman said to King Achashverosh: "There is a singular people, scattered and divided among the nations in all the provinces of your kingdom; their laws are different from those of all nations, and the king's laws they do not do; it is not worthwhile for the king to preserve them..."
- Esther 3:8
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Daily Study
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Chitas and Rambam for today:
Chumash: Matot, 3rd Portion Numbers 31:13-31:24 with Rashi
· English Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=613B4BE68D45C8C2CFFE58CECE69199F&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 · Live Video Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=06FA381188700693DFFFCAE584F9DD8B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Tehillim: Chapters 83 - 87
· Hebrew text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=8C8D0CE17583A4A3DDCCD76ADA499C8A&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· English text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=CD2CC0EB0A879F1E6425409D2A7EC50D&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Tanya: Igeret HaTeshuva , end of Chapter 3
· Lesson in Tanya:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=DB6CFADB268DCC9023A624E8A2A536AD&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Hebrew Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=B17FC8ED2FE0E5CB96BA8A4C71F239B9&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Tanya Audio Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=6C8EC54B2B979AC26B23B5691820E17E&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Live Video Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=4B22843D083C5046D9AB0C52CC9CF8A8&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Rambam:
· Sefer Hamitzvos:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=8DEFD27157EC66B9E2BAF3ED740AE4B3&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· 1 Chapter: Mechirah Chapter Four
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=705F7AF44847C0EC78F21596EBF3F4F2&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· 3 Chapters: Nedarim Chapter 10, Nedarim Chapter 11, Nedarim Chapter 12
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=EF861C653511FBA3E1118209FCF16F6B&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Hayom Yom:
· English Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=D84439F025A1870B9134D9A377A70A80&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
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