Shevat 30, 5772 * February 23, 2012
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T O D A Y I N J U D A I S M
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* Laws * Customs * Jewish History * Daily Quote * Daily Study *
Today is: Thursday, Shvat 30, 5772
Rosh Chodesh Adar
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Today's Laws & Customs
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· Rosh Chodesh Observances
Today is the first of the two Rosh Chodesh ("Head of the Month") days for the month of Adar [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=0EA70B11E653724EB592ECEE1958ADCC&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] (when a month has 30 days, both the last day of the month and the first day of the following month serve as the following month's Rosh Chodesh).
Special portions are added to the daily prayers: Hallel (Psalms 113-118) is recited -- in its "partial" form -- following the Shacharit morning prayer, and the Yaaleh V'yavo prayer is added to the Amidah and to Grace After Meals; the additional Musaf prayer is said (when Rosh Chodesh is Shabbat, special additions are made to the Shabbat Musaf). Tachnun (confession of sins) and similar prayers are omitted.
Many have the custom to mark Rosh Chodesh with a festive meal and reduced work activity. The latter custom is prevalent amongst women, who have a special affinity with Rosh Chodesh -- the month being the feminine aspect of the Jewish Calendar [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=7AEEA1B4BCD06240D616635F3E40B052&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ].
Links: The 29th Day [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=865A3AAFB74941BF4506B2E2BDCC9DF0&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]; The Lunar Files [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=C71ABE4F4634FE53E9FFF56F0625BA77&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
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Today in Jewish History
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· Tosfot Yomtov Appointed Rabbi of Krakow (1644)
The 30th of Shevat is celebrated by the descendents of Rabbi Yomtov Lipman Heller (1579-1654) as a day of thanksgiving, for his liberation and restoration after his imprisonment in Vienna in 1629.
Rabbi Yomtov Lipman was one of the important rabbinical figures of the early 17th century. Known as the "Tosfos Yomtov" after his commentary on the Mishnah [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=5525249DDD1F0B5FEBFA7E07881BBB90&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] by that name, he also authored important commentaries on the Rosh [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=650CB45A1B4D6C5510F3F2AD336DD3D2&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ] and other rabbinical works. A disciple of the famed Maharal of Prague [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=390591C7A7F1BF455AB422C60B38D611&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ], Rabbi Yomtov Lipman was appointed, at the tender age of 18, to serve as a dayan (rabbinical judge) in in that city. He subsequently filled a number of prestigious rabbinical positions, including rabbi of Nikolsburg and of Vienna. In 1627 he was recalled to Prague to serve as the city's chief rabbi.
That position earned him powerful enemies when he refused to follow the dictates of Prague's rich and influential citizens and strove to relieve the burden imposed on the poor by the suffocating "crown taxes" imposed on the Jews. His enemies informed on him to the government, falsely accusing him of treason. In 1629, Rabbi Yomtov Lipman was arrested, tried and sentenced to death. The Jewish communities of Bohemia succeeded in having the sentence commuted and reduced to a heavy fine, and raised the funds for the payment of the first installment that secured his release. However, his enemies obtained an imperial decision that he could not officiate as rabbi in any town of the empire, leaving him homeless and destitute. It took many years for him to pay off the balance of the fine and be restored to his former position. It was only in the winter of 1644, when he settled in Krakow after being appointed chief rabbi of the city, that he felt that that he could celebrate his release and restoration.
Shevat 30th (the 1st day of Rosh Chodesh Adar)--the day that Rabbi Yomtov Lipman assumed the rabbinate of Krakow--was celebrated by him and his family as a day of thanksgiving to G-d. Rabbi Yomtov Lipman asked that future generations continue to mark the date, and the custom is upheld by his descendants to this day.
Links:
The Tosfot Yomtov [ http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=AB8C97B3F01289DE0D1A2CA189EB799C&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 ]
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Daily Quote
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Before coming down into this world, a soul is given an oath: "Be a righteous person, and do not be a wicked person!"
- Talmud, Nidah 30b
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Daily Study
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Chitas and Rambam for today:
Chumash: Terumah, 5th Portion Exodus 26:31-26:37 with Rashi
· English Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=9FFE006D077D6EE4D1A32840C294977A&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2 · Live Video Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=02ED80617E4427DA2F99187EF007B579&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Tehillim: Chapters 145 - 150
· Hebrew text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=0A4E9F7CD03B2F80DAA40E419CA0F408&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· English text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=6D8EEB0D83DB45B6A0D9660A9EA8EF4C&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Tanya: Likutei Amarim, middle of Chapter 29
· Lesson in Tanya:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=59E59ABE8D29D13182EBC60D3DDD6B0F&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Hebrew Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=B0478D0ADAA9FBE83A1071610DA3CDCB&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Tanya Audio Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=675166710495F42086499B36348331A0&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· Live Video Class:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=83600CF6AF91A858AF1B246ADEC4AE98&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Rambam:
· Sefer Hamitzvos:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=AFD32E704C0CB96E43D83AAFB4E5CAAF&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· 1 Chapter: Melachim uMilchamot Chapter 4
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=1430D27A40DD3382D77C1D2B70AC6BAF&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
· 3 Chapters: Mamrim Chapter 7, Avel Chapter 1, Avel Chapter 2
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=C14931E9BACC806FA52D717A7750729F&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
Hayom Yom:
· English Text:
http://link.Chabad.org/go.asp?li=A4F27498660DFBAB59E22EA5C1262491&ui=F8C16ABBBCDB72AD0024EE2F647D78D2
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